- Psychological therapy: treatments that are based upon psychological principals.
- Bio-medical therapies: treatments that focus on alternating the brain with drugs, psychosurgery, or electro-compulsive therapy.
- Therapy
- Psychoanalysis
- Frued's therapy
- Freud used free association, hypnosis and dream interpretation to gain insight into the client's unconscious.
- Humanistic Therapy
- Focuses on people's potential for self- fulfillment (self- actualization)
- Focus on the present and future (not the past)
- Focus on conscious thoughts (not unconscious ones).
- Take responsibility for your actions- instead of blaming childhood anxieties.
- Group therapies- ex: alcoholic addiction
- Self-help support groups: family help.
- Most widely used humanistic technique is: Client (Person) Centered Therapy developed by Carl Rogers
- Therapist should use genuineness, acceptance, and empathy to show unconditional positive regard towards their clients.
- Behavior Therapy
- Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
- The behaviors are the problems- so we must change the behaviors.
- Systematic Desensitization
- A type of counter conditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety- triggering stimuli.
- Exposure Therapy- form of desensitization where the client directly confronts the anxiety- triggering stimuli.
- Adversive Conditioning
- A type of counter-conditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.
- Token Economy
- An operant conditioning procedure that rewards as desired behavior.
- A patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned from exhibiting the desired behavior.
4. Cognitive Therapy
- A therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
Biomedical Therapies
- Psychopharmacology- The study of the effect of drugs on mind and behavior
- Anti-psychotic Drugs
- Class of medicines used to treat psychosis and other mental and emotional conditions.
- Used if suffer from hallucinations, agitations, and delusions.
- Beginning to help schizophrenics with both positive and negative symptoms.
- Anti- Anxiety Drugs
- Includes drugs like Valium and Librium.
- Like alcohol, they depress nervous system activity.
- Most widely abused drugs.
- Anti-depression drugs
- Lift you up out of depression
- Most increase the neurotransmitter Nor-epinephrine.
- Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft (Antidepressants)
- Work by blocking serotonin re uptake.
- Electroconvulsive Therapy
- Biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.
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