The Nervous System: Start with an individual nerve cell called a NEURON.
Neuroanatomy
Synapse: A structure that permits a neuron to pass a chemical or electrical signal to another cell.
How does a Neuron fire?
Resting Potential: Slightly negative charge.
- Reaches the threshold when enough neurotransmitters reaches dendrites.
- Electrical inside the the neuron
- Chemical outside the neuron (In the synapse in the form of neurotransmitter)
- The firing is called Action Potential
The All-or-None response: The idea that either the neuron fires or it does not- no part way firing- like a gun.
Neurotransmitters: Chemical messengers released by terminal button through the synapse.
Four Types of Neurotransmitters:
- Acetylcholine (ACH): Deals with motor movement and memory. Lack of ACH has been linked to Alzheimer's disease.
- Dophamine: Deals with motor movement and alertness. Lack of dophamine has been linked to Parkinson's disease. Too much has been linked to Schizophrenia.
- Serotonin: Involved in mood control. Lack of Serotonin has been linked to chemical depression.
- Endorphins: Involved in pain control. Many of our most addictive drugs deal with endorphins.
Drugs can be...
Agonist: Make a neuron fire
Antagonists: Stop neural firing
Three Types of Neuron:
- Sensory Neurons [Afferent Neurons] Take information from the senses to the brain
- Inter Neurons Take the messages from sensory neurons to other parts of the brain or to motor neuron.
- Motor Neuron [Efferent Neurons] Take information from the brain to the rest of the body.
1 Talk Back(s):
Despite what was learned in class, do you believe it could ever be possible for a person to function properly and with out any issues if any damage (damage that in today's time restricts people from a normal life) occurred to the nervous system, without medicine or other treatments, just from something new we learn?
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